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Zanthoxylum
Zanthoxylum is a genus of about 250 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs in the family Rutaceae, native to warm temperate and subtropical areas worldwide. Common names include prickly-ash and hercules' club.
The fruit of several species are used to make the spice Sichuan Pepper. They are also popular as bonsai trees.
Selected species
The Japanese Prickly-ash, Zanthoxylum ailanthoides, is the food plant of the larvae of Papilio bianor, Papilio helenus, Papilio protenor, and Papilio xuthus.
Zanthoxylum clava-herculis, the Hercules' Club, pepperwood, Southern prickly ash, etc., is a spiny tree or shrub native to the southeastern United States. It grows to 10-17 m tall and has distinctive spined thick, corky lumps 2-3 cm long on the bark. The leaves are pinnately compound, 20-30 cm long with 7-19 leaflets, each leaflet 4-5 cm long. The flowers are dioecious, in panicles up to 20 cm long, each flower small, 6-8 mm diameter, with 3-5 white petals. The fruit is a two-valved capsule 6 mm diameter with a rough surface, and containing several small black seeds.
Zanthoxylum coco or Fagara coco is an evergreen tree of the Rutaceae family, natural of Argentina and Bolivia where it grows in the wild, mostly hilly, spinniferous forests. Its natural habitat ranges the hilly forest of Sierras Pampeanas.
Zanthoxylum flavum (also called West Indian Satinwood, Yellow Sanders, Yellow-head, or Yellowheart) is a species of plant in the Rutaceae family. It is found in Anguilla, the Bahamas, Bermuda, Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Honduras, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Saint Lucia, and the United States. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zanthoxylum hawaiiense is a species of plant in the Rutaceae family. It is endemic to the United States. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zanthoxylum kauaense (also called Kauai Prickly-ash) is a species of plant in the Rutaceae family. It is endemic to the United States. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zanthoxylum oahuense (also called Oahu Prickly-ash) is a species of plant in the Rutaceae family. It is endemic to the United States. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zanthoxylum simulans (Chinese Prickly-ash or Flatspine Prickly-ash), is a flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to eastern China and Taiwan. It is one of several species of Zanthoxylum from which Sichuan Pepper is produced (see that page for uses). It is a spreading shrub or small tree growing to 7 m tall.
Zanthoxylum thomasianum (also called St Thomas Prickly-ash) is a species of plant in the Rutaceae family. It is found in Puerto Rico, the British Virgin Islands, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zanthoxylum acanthopodium
Zanthoxylum alatum - Winged Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum sancho
Zanthoxylum americanum - Toothache tree; Northern Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum beecheyanum
Zanthoxylum punctatum - Dotted Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum rhetsa - Teppal
Zanthoxylum davyi
Zanthoxylum dipetalum - Kawa'u
Zanthoxylum fagara - Lime Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum hiemale
Zanthoxylum bifoliolatum - Maricao Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum buesgenii
Zanthoxylum coreanum - Korean lime tree
Zanthoxylum coriaceum - Biscayne prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum pinnatum
Zanthoxylum parvum - Tickletongue
Zanthoxylum rhoifolium
Zanthoxylum piperitum - Japanese Pepper Tree; Japan Pepper
Zanthoxylum planispinum - Bamboo-leaf Prickly-ash
Zanthoxylum hirsutum - Texas Hercules' Club
Zanthoxylum humile
Zanthoxylum ocumarense
Zanthoxylum ovatifoliolatum
Zanthoxylum naranjillo - Naranjillo
Zanthoxylum capense
Zanthoxylum caribaeum - Yellow prickly-ash
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